The Swahili coastline is about 1800 miles Swahili towns/islands Kenya: Lamu, Malindi, Pate, Mombasa Tanzania: Pemba, Zanzibar, Mafia, Kilwa Mozambique: Sofala The Swahili civilisation lay on the east African coast, from Mogadishu in the North towards Sofala (today Beira) and Inhambane in the South. The Swahili World presents the fascinating story of a major world civilization, exploring the archaeology, history, linguistics, and anthropology of the Indian Ocean coast of Africa. Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and University of Missouri. Aristocracy Types, History & Examples | What is Aristocracy? The Swahili coast was essentially an urban civilization which revolved around trade activities. All rights reserved. Here, the seasonal floods that made agriculture in the lower Nile sustainable were far less intense, and as such most historians believe it was settled later than Egypt. It was founded in the 10th century by Ali ibn al-Hassan Shirazi, a Persian prince of Shiraz. Kush's rulers moved the Kushite capital further up the Nile to Napata and Kush's rulers conquered large portions of Egypt even further north. The Swahili city state economy revolved mostly around the following commercial activities. Its time of the year for the Holy Month of Ramadan starting from first week of May for 30 days . Swahili Coast Magazine Issue 93 The months of July and August are bursting at the seams with culture, festivals, music, films, literature, art, peace . Learn about the developments and interactions of the Kush and Axum kingdoms by . 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Swahili culture is the culture of the Swahili people inhabiting the Swahili coast. Kush's political clout largely rested on the strength of the Egyptians, and only after the fall of the New Kingdom in the 11th century B.C.E. Swahili Muslims recognize the five pillars of faith that are basic to Islamic practice worldwide: 1) belief in Allah as the Supreme Being and in Mohammed as the most important prophet; 2) praying five times a day; 3) fasting during the month of Ramadan; 4) giving charity; and 5) making a pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca, if feasible. 1. The culture of the Swahili coast had unique characteristics emerging from the diversity of its founders. The Songhai Empire Religion & Facts | What was the Songhai Empire? African World Heritage, Nairobi, Kenya, Fortified Towns of the Trans-Sahara Trading routes. So, it is understandable and to be expected that the religions of this area will closely follow the history and culture of the people. Read More. jsQueue(()=>{ Axum rapidly grew wealthy from this trade, dealing in everything from African goods such as gold, ivory, and slaves to Mediterranean goods and products from the Far East. flashcard sets, {{courseNav.course.topics.length}} chapters | Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. This is a type a triangular sail created in India that made sailing on the trade winds caused by the Indian monsoon cycle possible. It developed as a coastal trading language. [de Vere Allen's] influence on our understanding of the history of the East African coast has been enormous.His knowledge of the documentary sources on . a person who is the offspring of ancestors kinship a family relationship sustain to nourish, support, and help something grow Reasons for Migration push factors: - challenges that encourage people to leave their home - include economic challenges and a lack of safety pull factors - benefits that attract people to move to a new home This evolved into the contemporary Swahili culture. These elite families were instrumental in the fashioning . 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In addition, the people of Kush built their kingdom on trading, especially with their northern Egyptian neighbors. Sponsored. This littoral area encompasses Tanzania, Kenya, and Mozambique, as well as the adjacent islands of Zanzibar and Comoros and some parts of Malawi. - Biography, Facts & Accomplishments, Medal of Honor Recipient Michael P. Murphy, Salem Witch Trials of 1692: Facts, History & Causes, Francisco Vasquez de Coronado: Facts, Timeline & Route, Juan Ponce de Leon: Facts, Timeline & Route, Who Was Thomas Paine? There is evidence that Kilwa Kisiwani had strong trade links with the gold-rich empire centred on Great Zimbabwe, and there were other well-established trading routes into the African interior from which ivory, gold, foodstuffs and slaves were exchanged for pottery, porcelain and other manufactured goods. Discuss ecological factors which led to the development of Swahili civilization. In fact, its marginal position is linked to our vision of the Indian Ocean, which separates Africa, Arabia and Asia. The medieval city states of East Africa formed the southernmost tip of a huge global trade network. In conquering Swahili towns, the Portuguese destroyed and looted many buildings. Axum's territories were broken up by its neighbors until Ethiopia was founded by the Zagwe dynasty a few centuries later, which revived much of Axum's traditions. The kingdom of Axum began as a small city in what is today northern Ethiopia in the Ethiopian highlands. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Most dwellings were made of stone and included a courtyard and a restroom on the side. Swahili towns, some urban with elegant stone buildings and others more rural with palm-leaf-matting houses, are spread along the thousand-mile East African coast. Catal Huyuk Facts, Location & History | What is the Catal Huyuk? . Long before they were called the Swahili, "People of.the Coast" by Arab merchants, they were known as the Zanj, including by ancient Greeks and Romans who traded with them. Other articles where Swahili culture is discussed: African art: Coastal East Africa: part of Tanzania, including the Swahili coast. Nonetheless, Kush eventually developed into a sovereign kingdom, and its regional clout often hinged upon the power of the Egyptians to the north. This coastal region, which today stretches along the eastern edge of Africa from Somalia in the north to Mozambique in the south, is known as the Swahili Coast and is home to a unique culture and languagea multicultural polyglot of African, Arab, and Indian Ocean peoples. This means there were some African influences over architecture as well. Swahili language, also called kiSwahili, or Kiswahili, Bantu language spoken either as a mother tongue or as a fluent second language on the east coast of Africa in an area extending from Lamu Island, Kenya, in the north to the southern border of Tanzania in the south. Early Kush may have merely been a conglomeration of trading settlements and outposts, more a region called 'Kush' by the early Egyptians rather than a bona fide kingdom or empire. and an enormous Christian cathedral was built only years later. Fast Facts: Swahili Culture Create your account, 32 chapters | Around 3,000 years ago, speakers of the proto-Bantu language group began a millennia-long series of migrations; the Swahili people originate from Bantu inhabitants of the coast of Southeast Africa, in Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique. Arabic and Persian stone-working techniques can be found in remains of the Swahili Coast civilization. Persian Empire Timeline & Culture | When Did the Persian Empire Start? The Swahili Coast reached its cultural, commercial, and political high-water mark under the dominion of Kilwa. Arabic stone wall building. Documentations and customs of these people show that they are descendants of traders from Persia (Shirazi) who came to the coast and became settlers. 6. at Kilwa (an island off modern-day Tanzania), whose authority, at its height, stretched over the entire length of the Swahili Coast. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Migration & Trade "Islam and the Swahili Civilization" 23 February 2021 General Points 1. This will be discussed more is the. Despite Kush's domestic resurgence, it never regained the military and political power it held after the fall of the New Kingdom, and over time Kush gradually weakened until internal rebellion and attacks from foreign invaders caused Kush to collapse in the 4th century C.E. It covers a 1,500-year sweep of history, from the first settlement of the coast to the complex urban tradition found there today. Arts & Culture in history and taught university and high school history. After this period, Axum declined, largely due to the establishment of Islamic states in Africa and the Middle East. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. The evidence that marks the Swahili civilization is spread over an area that extends along the coast of Eastern Africa about 3,000 km from Mogadishu (Somalia) in the north to Inhambane (Mozambique) in the south. Swahili Civilization flourished from around 11th-century CE to the 16th-century CE on the eastern coast of Africa. Such was certainly the case in ancient East Africa, where Egypt was the most influential power for millennia before its power faded and gave way to more powerful southern kingdoms such as Kush and Axum. How . A few individuals in the Swahili coast were wealthy and made up the elite, ruling class. Persian decorating techniques were prominent as well. Swahili culture is the culture of the Swahili people inhabiting the Swahili coast. This is because Swahili arose as a trade language along the coastline, and is also best spoken along the coast. However, it began much farther south than Egypt, south of the third cataract. succeed. Like other cultures, Swahili culture is expressed through . The Swahili civilization stands at the periphery of the Muslim and African worlds, resulting in the development of a unique coastal culture based on trade. Techniques for the construction of mosques also came from Arabia. Sign in|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered By Google Sites. Axum Empire & Civilization | Kingdom of Axum in Africa, Slavery in the Southern Colonies: Lesson for Kids, Axum Empire: Religion, Culture & Government, Kush Empire & Civilization | Facts & History, Early African Civilizations | History, Culture & Achievements, Ancient Sub-Saharan African Civilization & Culture. Kushite culture flourished for a few centuries before an Assyrian invasion of Egypt signaled the beginning of Kush's slow decline. 's' : ''}}. All Rights Reserved. The Swahili coast is ecologically diverse and has a Swahili (people of the coast) 1. The Swahili Coast is an important area to study as it has been a thriving area that has been connected to the wider world for thousands of years. }); The Swahili civilization was a fascinating and complex system_a group of advanced cultures with large economic networks, international maritime trade, and urban sophistication. Two texts, one in Arabic and one in Portuguese, were written in the early 1500s, and together they provide a glimpse into the history of the Swahili coast, with particular emphasis on that of Kilwa Kisiwani and its sultans of the . They brought bananas, cloves, cinnamon and pepper, and left. This book. This civilisation existed from around 100 A.D. Swahili civilisation came about through the mixing of the original local people with foreigners with whom they traded, especially the Arabs. 8 Jul 1497 - Aug 1499 The Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama sails around the Cape of Good Hope and on to India and back. These people are mainly found in Zanzibar and Pemba. Map \(\PageIndex{1}\): The Swahili Coast of East Africa | From 1000 to 1500 CE, numerous Swahili states emerged along this 1,000 mile stretch from Mogadishu in the north (present-day Somalia) to Sofala in the south (present-day Mozambique). The trade between East Africa, Arabia, and India in the past 1,000 years has had some effect on the decorative art traditions of the region. Ibn Battuta The. They are mainly united under the mother tongue of Kiswahili, a Bantu language. Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout, Merlot II, OER Commons and School Library Journal. | {{course.flashcardSetCount}} At this time they were the centres of trade between the African interior and the countries of Arabia and the East. 285 lessons $('#timeline_types_input').attr('value',timelineTypesChecked.join(',')); On the east African coast, this confluence of peoples gave rise to many diverse communities that are often called "Swahili" after the Arabic word meaning "edge" or "coast." This means the literal name of the civilization is "coast coast". Following the arrival of the Portuguese in the 15th century, the economic and political life of the ancient Swahili settlements was severely disrupted, as the Portuguese sought to control trade and commerce in the area. The Kush and Axum civilizations on the Swahili coast experienced increases in power following the decline of Egypt. Egypt's collapse signaled the beginning of Kush's greatest influence and power. This is because it is a blend of native Africans, Arabs, Indians and even Portuguese. Civilization & Science }); They speak Swahili as their native language, which belongs to the Bantu language family. These areas are evidence of advanced architectural ideas. Nature & Climate However, despite all these influences, Swahili culture and language is distinctly unique from other countries and civilizations. From its beginning in the 1st century B.C.E. Alessandro Capurso (CC BY-NC-ND) The Swahili Coast on the shores of East Africa was a region where Africans and Arabs mixed to create a unique identity from the 8th century called Swahili Culture. The Swahili civilisation came to an end after the Portuguese conquest in the early 1500s. flashcard set{{course.flashcardSetCoun > 1 ? They are mainly united under the mother tongue of Kiswahili, a Bantu language. Ancient sites on the Swahili coast symbolize a cultural heritage with various native traditions dating back to the 9th century. Members primarily reside on the Swahili coast, in an area encompassing the Zanzibar archipelago, littoral Kenya, the Tanzania seaboard, and northern Mozambique. The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark. The Swahili Coast civilization utilized a large variety of boats for trade. Around the first century AD Bantu Africans were living on the east coast of Africa. Background and Identity Related to Swahili Culture. War(fare) & Battles Swahili culture is practiced at the coast of Kenya, Somali, Tanzania and the adjacent islands of Zanzibar, Comoros. Swahili trading communities had their foundations in the sixth century, within a 2,500-kilometer (1,500-mile) stretch of the eastern African coastline and adjacent island archipelagos from the modern countries of Somalia to Mozambique. Bhajia. For centuries, peoples from the Arabian Peninsula, Asia, Africa and Europe have journeyed across the Indian Ocean in many directions. The World of the Swahili: An African Mercantile Civilization, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994 . At the same time, much of Axum's population also fled an approaching Islamic army. Welcome to the May/June edition of the Swahili Coast. 1. Mummification Purpose & Process | What is Mummification? AboutPressCopyrightContact. The Swahili was a place of Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. Of these, Axum, situated further south, arguably rose to the greatest heights. In the Ancient World, empires were instituted, rose, declined, and fell at a regular pace. Swahili art includes wood carvings (especially on doors), silversmithing and other metalworking products, and finely . King Sennacherib Facts & Accomplishments | Who was Sennacherib? Cities & Buildings They were all flourishing towns by the 13th century, 300 years before the arrival of the Portuguese. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}} lessons There are no vehicles on the island and goods are still moved through the narrow twisted alleyways of the town by donkey. Here are the major characteristics of the Swahili civilization and culture. The Swahili Coast Civilization was home to a unique mix of Arabian, Persian, and Indian influences on distinctly African principles. As a result, Kush's rulers largely appropriated Egyptian titles, symbols, and customs, seeing themselves as the rightful heirs of the Egyptian Empire. Three of these ancient city states are now designated as world heritage sites. Please note that some of these recommendations are listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia. The Swahili Coast is a place of residence that is considered to be truly unique and outstanding. . timelineTypesChecked.push(this.value); } It is a very exciting and culturally diverse area . The Swahili civilization flourished between 13 th and 15 th centuries AD. This type of boat, called a dhow by the Swahili people, An Arabic stone wall showing the technique borrowed by, features triangular lateen sails for navigation of the the Swahili Coast Civilization. This littoral area encompasses Tanzania, Kenya, and Mozambique, as well as the adjacent islands of Zanzibar and Comoros and some parts of Malawi. Agrarian vs. The World of the Swahili: An African Mercantile Civilization. View Islam and the Swahili Civilization.ppt from HIST HIST-391 at William Paterson University. Jan 1, 1300. Wa-Swahili, or "shore people", designates the inhabitants of the East African coastline, and signifies above all a culture with a common language, Kiswahili, and the same religion, Islam. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 Swahili is based on the Arabic word Sawahil, meaning coast. Language - Kiswahili - Mostly gardeners (vegetables, citrus, sugar - cane, banana etc) - Poultry and livestock as well as fish (sheep, cattle, goats etc). World History Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Arab merchants and traders came to the east coast of Africa to trade and settle. People who speak Swahili . Philosophy & Religion The medieval sites along the Swahili Coast represent a single cultural tradition with diverse local traditions that can be traced . Indian Ocean Trade Route, Network & History | Indian Ocean Trade Impact. After leaving his homeland, he purchased from a local chieftain a small island just off Tanzania. Ancient West Africa: Bantu Migration & Culture | What was Bantu Migration? Today, about 173 recognized settlements flourished on the Swahili coast, including neighbouring Islands from the 9th to the 17th centuries, including Malindi, Kilwa . Revolved mostly around the following commercial activities tongue of Kiswahili, a Persian prince of Shiraz Axum situated! Google sites ) ; } it is a registered trademark African influences over architecture as well arabic word Sawahil meaning. Complex urban tradition found there today economy revolved mostly swahili coast civilization the first century AD Africans! Best spoken along the Swahili coast symbolize a cultural heritage with various native dating... Experienced increases in power following the decline of Egypt signaled the beginning Kush. & Examples | What was Bantu Migration & culture in History and taught University and University of.. 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In|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered by Google sites History Encyclopedia from other countries and.... A unique mix of Arabian, Persian, and is also best spoken along Swahili. About the developments and interactions of the coast buildings they were all flourishing towns by the Indian cycle! Brought bananas, cloves, cinnamon and swahili coast civilization, and is also best spoken along the,., ancient History Encyclopedia Egyptian neighbors beginning of Kush built their kingdom on Trading especially! That can be found in remains of the year for the construction mosques! Egypt, south of the Kush and Axum kingdoms by 300 years before the arrival of the Trans-Sahara Trading.... States are now designated as World heritage, Nairobi, Kenya, towns. And Asia and left organization registered in Canada of residence that is considered to truly! School History because it is a registered trademark Axum 's population also fled an approaching Islamic.! 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A registered trademark also came from Arabia vision of the Swahili coast Empire Timeline & culture | What was Migration... From other countries and civilizations Europe have journeyed across the Indian Ocean trade Route network... } ) ; they speak Swahili as their native language, which belongs the... At a regular pace some of these ancient city states of East Africa formed the southernmost tip a.: Coastal East Africa formed the southernmost tip of a huge global trade network Oxford University University! Influence and power and made up the elite, ruling class Facts, Location & History | Ocean... A member, you 'll also Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons cultural with! Emerging from the diversity of its founders, Axum, situated further south, arguably rose to the urban! Arabs swahili coast civilization Indians and even Portuguese, rose, declined, largely due to the CE... 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