Musical Supplies: Music Holders, Strings, Reeds, Rhythm Sticks, etc. They should be operationalised (clearly defined) and should break a continuous stream of activity into discrete recordable events. One aspect of the method that raised an ethical issue was the deception of participant WD who was misled about the stage of sleep he was being woken in. Perceived crowding tends to have a negative influence on shopping satisfaction, with customers doing less browsing and comparison shopping, fewer purchases and lower ratings of enjoyment and excitement. tax. willing to return for repeat testing Likely to be representative as all types of people in the population are equally likely to be chosen Weaknesses Likely to be non-representative as the variety of people available is likely to be limited, so they will tend to be similar and the sample could therefore be biased Likely to be non-representative as people who respond to requests may be similar, e.g. Control, Corrosion (Using Entrained Gas Eliminator Equip. Studies conducted in a range of different countries support the relationship between shift work and cardiovascular disease. At each stage different intervention strategies are most effective to support an individual to move from one state to the next and finally to maintenance. communication in birds, bats or whales). 283 core studies bystander behaviour 10711 classical conditioning in relation to fear/avoidance of particular stimulus 904 doodling 659 dreaming 4854, 61 emotional state determinants 5460, 61 false memory 7581 helping behaviour in chimpanzees 11115 individual conscience vs obedience to authority 1027 parrot learning 947 Reading the Mind in the Eyes task 704 transmission of aggression 8490 two-factor theory of emotion 448, 61 coronary heart disease (CHD) 2512 correlation coefficient 47 correlations 1718, 74 application of knowledge 18 evaluating 18 cost-benefit model 110 counterbalancing 45, 67 covert 16 covert sensitisation 141 Cowpe, C. 263, 305, 306 CPRS see Comprehensive Psychiatric Rating Scale cross-sectional 148 crowding 1702, 179 cued processors 201 cultural bias 118, 145, 220, 226, 230, 271 CVD see cardiovascular disease Dansereau, F. 289 data 26 analysis 2730 graphs 313 qualitative 267 quantitative 267 strengths/weaknesses 27 types 267 353 Index 354 Davis, B.P. expected to be able to implant memories of loving asparagus the first time it was tried from previous research, but wanted to investigate if these false memories would lead to positive consequences for their participants. ), Wildlife and Pet Bands, Labels and Tags (Not Electronic), Appliances, Small, Electric (Not Otherwise Classified), Appliances, Small, Non-Electric (Not Otherwise Classified), Cooking and Food Preparation Utensils, All Types (Household), Cookware and Bakeware, Household (Not otherwise listed), Dishes, Drinking Utensils, and Servingware (Household), Hot Plates and Burners, Gas or Electric (Household), Ovens, Microwave and Convection (Household), Storage Baskets, Metal and Plastic (For Freezers), Trash Compactors (See 165 and 545 for Other Types), Vacuum Cleaners, Manual (Including Parts and Accessories), Vacuum Cleaners, Electric (Including Parts and Accessories). De Jong et al. Diabetes and other metabolic disturbances: concentrations of certain substances in the body, including potassium, uric acid, glucose and cholesterol, are higher during night work which may be related to increased metabolic disturbances. Group 2: Adult comparison group The group comprised normal adults, who did not have a diagnosis of AS/HFA. It may also be useful for managers of teams and organisations when considering what motivates their workers. Pre-contemplation: people do not intend to take action 270 in the foreseeable future (defined as within the next six months) Contemplation: In this stage, people are intending to start the healthy behaviour in the foreseeable future (defined as within the next six months). They intend to deceive the participants about the independent variable, which will be either to tell them what will really happen their pulse rate should fall or to give them false information by telling them that some people see disturbing flashing lights. This could include instructions, materials and apparatus, although remember that there would be no reason to change many of these. Atypical antipsychotics are less likely to produce unwanted side effects such as EPS and TD, yet are usually at least as effective as first generation antipsychotics. We spent most of the time in museums, trying to keep dry and then, to make matters worse, Nicky got her handbag stolen. Compare the results obtained with the goals and criteria originally established. For example, understanding the role of the basal ganglia, 155 Cambridge International AS and A Level Psychology ISSUES AND DEBATES (continued) orbitofrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate gyrus has led to innovations in neurosurgery which may offer symptom relief. Chapter 6: Psychology and abnormality There are serious ethical considerations around the use of antidepressants and ECT, because they involve the potential for physical and psychological harm. All members of that workers group would lose their group award for as many months as the individual lost his individual awards. Classifying leaders as high or low on these two variables produces four types of leader behaviour, as given in Table 9.3. also considered situational factors. As Albert appeared healthy and confident, it may well be that phobias could be acquired by other children in the same way. What shape? I would do a field experiment to compare people who were supposed to be taking the same dose of the same medication, such as Mesalazine for bowel disease. by using CCTV), they are covert. Participants in such studies have the right to be protected and should not be exposed to any greater risk than they would be in their normal life. [5 marks] Chapter 7 1 a The independent variable is whether the clip contained Pepsi or not. The leader is still involved with the decision making process but the responsibility has been delegated to the group. [2 marks] Chapter 4: Learning approach 83 Chapter 4 Learning approach Introduction The aim of this chapter is to introduce you to the learning approach to psychology and to explore three studies from this approach. 7 Explain why the experiment could be seen as unethical. SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 17 From Herzbergs two-factor theory of job satisfaction, give example of factors that affect job satisfaction and factors that affect job dissatisfaction. Alternatively (or additionally), boys may be more likely to imitate aggression because they have already acquired stereotypes about what is acceptable behaviour for males or have been rewarded for masculine-type behaviours. Miller (2010) uses this cognitive approach to explain how intense, positive feelings can become linked with specific behaviours such as gambling. The misinformed condition was only run in the euphoria condition as it was a control condition and inclusion in just one of the categories was adequate to evaluate the possible impacts of receiving information about side effects after the injection. In evaluating studies it is important to remember that when the research is planned, decisions must be based on expected outcomes, i.e. Each point on the graph represents the point where one participants score on each scale for the two measured variables cross. WebBrowse our full range of products from dressing tables to complete modern kitchens. Affective: relating to mental disorders in which disturbance of mood is the primary symptom. Compatible with all major platforms, the gadget has a swappable AA battery that can last for up to 2 years. Blood-Injection Phobia Inventory (BIPI): Development, reliability and validity. Gates, Electric (Including Card Readers, etc. This chimpanzee, Pan, mainly offered the brush item at first. You may wish to remind yourself of how it is administered and the potential side effects of treatment as outlined in Section 6.1. c independent i i s, such as ig or l w lig t l v ls or ly and late in the day. The results found that there was a substantial change in the performance of health behaviours during the first three years of college and that peers have an increasing influence on these. (Ed. Structural Wood Products (Not Otherwise Classified): Beams, Framing Lumber, Planks, Joists, etc. Association analysis of the 5-HT2C receptor and 5-HT transporter genes in bipolar disorder. For example: There will be no relationship between the number Variables are factors that change or can be changed. Measurement of satisfaction in work and retirement. Although participants can be offered incentives to join a study, these cannot be taken away if they leave. In the same study, only 28% of the high-fear group changed their teethcleaning habits, but half of the low-fear group did, showing this was much more effective in the long run. There have been many experiments within memory research that have demonstrated that memories can be distorted by information provided following an event. Mesial frontal cortex: the mesial frontal cortex plays a role in planning, decision making and complex cognitive behaviours. Shower Accessories: Bath Robes, Caps, Shoes, Wraps, etc. Canes, Crutches, Gait Trainers, Walkers, etc. Looking back at the data used in the section on the median, mean could be calculated instead. ), Snowmobiles (See Class 765 for Snow Blowers and Plows), Vans, Passenger (Regular and Handicapped Equipped), TRUCKS (Incl. The CBT treatment followed distinct stages, including engaging with the patient and discussing the emergence of their disorder, before tackling specific symptoms. The Klipsch Cinema 400 soundbar offers an easy setup and the audio brand's legendary sound at an agreeable price. think? 179 neuroendocrine mechanisms 251 neurological explanation, OCD 154 nociception 239 non-adherence to medication 127 non-clinical population 122 non-compensatory strategy 180 non-directional (two-tailed) hypothesis 20 non-participant observer 1516 non-rapid eye movement sleep (nREM) 49 non-substance addictive disorder causes 13940 characteristics 1379 treatment 1403 normal distribution 323 North, A.C. 163, 165 Nower, L. 141 noxious 239 nREM see non-rapid eye movement sleep nucleus accumbens (NAcc) 184 null hypothesis 201 obedience 1027 objective 53, 90, 106, 111, 115, 143, 155, 258 objectivity 13, 16, 148 observations 1516 obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) 259 case study 153 characteristics 1524 explanations 1545 treatment/management 1567 OCD see obsessive compulsive disorder OCQ see Organisational Commitment Questionnaire Oedipus complex 1467 Oldham, G.R. 224, 225 Allen, N. 313 alternative hypothesis 20 altruistic 112 amplitude 49 anchoring 1823 Andrade, J. Table 3.3 Scores gained by the different conditions on the Eyes Test and AQ test Cambridge International AS and A Level Psychology On the AQ task, participants with AS/HFA scored significantly higher than the student comparison and IQ matched comparison groups (see Figure 3.9). Costbenefit model: a decision making process in which a person weighs up the advantages and disadvantages of helping. In many ways this study could be considered to be subjective. Today, my administration is 287 reinforcers 235, 236 relaxation technique 2612 reliability 6, 389, 55, 56, 111, 114, 153, 157, 278 reliable 69, 89, 106, 111, 129, 133 REM see rapid eye movement sleep repeated measures design 45 replicable 136, 155 representative 126, 129, 157 representative sample 220 research application of knowledge 10 evaluating 389 reasons for 2 summary 41 research process 19 aims 19 hypotheses 1921 researcher bias 126, 133, 143, 157 response bias 139 retail store architecture 160 crowding 1702 environmental influences 16979 external variables 160 human variables 160, 161 interiors 160, 1623 layout/design variables 160, 161 lighting, colour, smell 1679 menu design 1736 personal space 1769 point of purchase/decoration 160, 161 shopper movement patterns 1723 sound 1637 retest reliability 139 retroactive 187 Richarme, 180, 181 Riekart, K.A. It was necessary for the researchers to understand the boys specific feelings towards buttons prior to starting treatment. Any research begins with an aim, which is developed into a testable hypothesis. Haying Equipment: Balers, Dryers, Elevators and Rakes, etc. Data Processing, Packaging, Labeling and Mailing of Literature as a Package), High Volume, Telephone Call Answering Services (See 915-05 for Low Volume Services), Information Highway Electronic Services (Internet, World Wide Web, etc. WebThe keyboard is included when buying the device. Classical conditioning: learning through association, studied in both humans and animals. Andrade was interested to know whether this activity assisted information processing, perhaps by enabling people to attend more effectively or by enhancing their memory. Transportation Services For the Elderly, Handicapped, Incapacitated, Prisoners, Juries, etc. Internal (or intrinsic) motivators come from within and include factors such as enjoyment or a sense of satisfaction or achievement as motivators. Or can be offered incentives to join a study, these can not taken. 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