In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30. Learn how your comment data is processed. 1 p. 244 table 2 pt. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. London: Constable and Co., 1910-1911), FHL microfilm 88,003., vol. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 138914 September 1435), was a medieval English nobleman, soldier, and statesman. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. Not that this stopped Humphrey from dabbling in politics in an attempt to destabilize Johns alliances with other European magnates. Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 24. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. Joan of Arc was heavily supported by Yolande of Aragon and Arthur of Brittany, neither of whom receives the credit they deserve. Johns first wife Anne of Burgundy gave the book to young Henry VI for Christmas in 1430 (I wonder how the grandchildren would react to a beautifully hand painted devotional text rather than the usual jigsaws, board games and selected Disney dvds). 2 p. 63-64. Although Bedford was able to maintain his brother's achievements in France for several years after his death, the situation was becoming impossible to maintain. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. He was given several important commands and also played a larger part in the day to day governing of England, even passing the death sentence on the Lollard rebel John Oldcastle. Reprint, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993), FHL book 920.042 D561n., vol. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. The French felt there was a world of difference between a mature victorious king and a baby boy they perhaps had a point given the chaos that often resulted in England when a child was on the throne. Today, a plaque marks its former location. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. Her name was Joan of Arc. [S98] #18 Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europischen Staaten (1953-1978), Isenburg, Wilhelm Karl , Prinz von and Frank Baron von Freytag-Loringhoven, (5 volumes. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. Georgette Heyer wrote the book My Lord John about him from when he was four to about twenty. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. Contents 1 Life account 2 In literature 3 Titles, styles, honours and arms 3.1 Arms 4 Ancestry 5 References John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. The Oxford Companion to British History. Medieval Family History Unit, (Manuscript. 2. A daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry V of England and gave birth to his heir Henry VI of England.Catherine's marriage was part of a plan to eventually place Henry V on the throne of France, and perhaps end what is now known as the Hundred Years' War . 1389-1435. In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 123-124. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign of his nephew, Henry VI. http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20 [S2] Peter W. Hammond, editor, The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda (Stroud, Gloucestershire, U.K.: Sutton Publishing, 1998), page 79. 3 p. 842. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. The Bretons were so moved by the impoverished state of Jeans son Jean II that Nicole de Chtillon-Blois married him on 18 June 1437, bringing a large dowry that was vastly supplemented when she inherited the fabulously wealthy County of Penthievre in Brittany. [S6] G.E. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. [S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., 1967 ed. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. In Tony Milne's play "Bloody Bedford", he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (= 20). He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. The Lady of the Rivers (The Plantagenet and Tudor Novels, #1), My Lord of Bedford, 1389 - 1435: Being the Life of John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford, Brother of Henry V and Regent of France, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Thomas de Courtenay, 5th/13th Earl of Devon, Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, Sir Richard Vernon, 8th Baron of Shipbrook, Richard le Scrope, Bishop of Lichfield and Archbishop of York, Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey, Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Vernon of the Yorkist (White Rose) Faction, Basset of the Lancastrian (Red Rose) faction, General of the French Garrison at Bordeaux. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV, John of Lancaster began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. In 1399, his father deposed King Richard II and crowned himself as King Henry IV. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. 3 p. 726. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. He was born in 1389. 16 Jan. 2023 . Retrieved January 16, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Unfortunately, John of Lancaster had moved her to Rouen where he executed her. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. In any event Henry of Monmouth shook boorish habits from him as soon as he became king and went off to do what medieval English nobility expected of their monarchs he went to war with someone, gained victory and land. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. Yolandes grandson became Louis VII of France and her grand-daughter was Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI of England whose mother Catherine of Valois was Charless sister. Although Queen Isabeau agreed to cede the throne of France to Henry VI, Yolande, perceiving the threat posed to Anjou by the growing power of Burgundy, took the dissenting French court and the young Charles to the safety of Provence. The couple were happily married, despite being childless. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. Bedford, of course, was held responsible by many of his peers for the losses in France. Throughout his life he identified himself with his brother's policies, especially in pursuing English claims to the French throne. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Yolande of Aragon (11 August 1384 14 November 1442) was Queen of Aragon and Naples, Duchess of Anjou and Countess of Provence. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422-1432,[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. He took the reigns of power for his brother three times in total. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. So when the Yorkists looked down their nose at Elizabeth Woodville, Jacquettas daughter and King Edward IVs wife, they were forgetting that she was the grand-daughter of a Count and that her mother had once been at the heart of the royal court albeit a Lancastrian one. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I. Geni requires JavaScript! In any event it didnt do Joan much good. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. He was forced to raise the siege of Orleans in 1429 on account of the peasant girl. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [6] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. Information from its description page there is shown below. Much of the period of Henry VIs minority is filled with the political machinations of John and Humphrey who was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke. (Henry IVs parents were John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford). John, as well as being a soldier and a politician, was also a scholar. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. He had no legitimate surviving issue. [citation needed], There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham[11] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. He maintained his loyalty to his father, brother and nephew until the day he died. . Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. While he was in France his duties in . John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. Despite his military and administrative . Encyclopedia.com. Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, 12. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of BedfordKG(20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. No known copyright issues. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. 189 related topics. Duke of Bedford. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. He dies while sitting in a chair at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his fellow countrymen. The title of duke, derived from the latin dux, is the highest in the peerage and until 1448 was restricted to members of the royal family. 17294), which were both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 1420-23, which is English (BL Ms Add 42131). In 1988, Breton nationalists erected a statue in his honour on the site. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). Prince John first appears in 1 Henry IV where he fights for his father at the Battle of Shrewsbury. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. After Anne's death in childbirth in 1432, he married Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. Artist unknown. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. 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